Ku ya 1 Nyakanga, Gahunda yerekeye “Kwemeranya hagati ya Sisitemu yo gucunga inguzanyo za Enterprises ya gasutamo ya Repubulika y’Ubushinwa (PRC) na gahunda yo kohereza ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga muri serivisi ya gasutamo ya Nouvelle-Zélande” yashyizwe mu bikorwa n’ubuyobozi bukuru bwa gasutamo ya PRC na serivisi ya gasutamo ya Nouvelle-Zélande.
Dukurikije iyo gahunda, “Ubukungu bwemewe n’ubucuruzi” (AEO) bwemewe na imwe muri za gasutamo zombi buzamenyekana n’undi.
AEO ni iki?
Umuryango mpuzamahanga wa gasutamo (WCO) watangije gahunda ya AEO ku banyamuryango ba gasutamo hagamijwe gushyiraho ibipimo bitanga umutekano w’ibicuruzwa no korohereza urwego rw’isi kugira ngo biteze imbere kandi biteganijwe.
Ni muri urwo rwego, “Urwego rw'ibipimo bigamije umutekano no koroshya ubucuruzi ku isi” rwasohowe na WCO.
Muri iyi gahunda, AEO ni ishyaka rifite uruhare mu kugenda n’ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga mu gikorwa icyo ari cyo cyose cyemejwe, cyangwa mu izina ry’ubuyobozi bw’igihugu cya gasutamo nk’uko byubahiriza WCO cyangwa igipimo cy’umutekano uhwanye.AEO ikubiyemo abakora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye, abatumiza mu mahanga, abohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, abahuza, abatwara, ububiko, hamwe nababitanga.
Gasutamo ya PRC kuva mu 2008 yashyize gahunda nk'izi mu Bushinwa.Ku ya 8 Ukwakira 2014, Gasutamo yasohoye “Ingamba z’agateganyo za gasutamo ya Repubulika y’Ubushinwa hagamijwe gucunga inguzanyo” (“Ingamba za AEO”).Ku nshuro yambere, AEO yasobanuwe mubushinwa bwimbere mu gihugu.Ingamba za AEO zatangiye gukurikizwa ku ya 1 Ukuboza 2014.
Ni izihe nyungu zishobora kuboneka muri Gahunda ya AEO?
Ukurikije ingingo zijyanye ningamba za AEO, AEO igabanijwemo ibyiciro bibiri: rusange niterambere.Ibikurikira bireba inyungu za buri.
Muri rusange AEOs izishimira uburyo bworoshye bwo gutumiza gasutamo ku bicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga:
1.Igipimo cyo hasi cyo kugenzura;
2.Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora ibizamini;
3.Icyambere mugukemura ibyemezo bya gasutamo.
AEOs yateye imbere izishimira inyungu zikurikira:
1.Kwemeza no kurekura ibyemezo bikorwa mbere yo kwemeza ibyiciro, nko kugereranya gasutamo, aho inkomoko y'ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, no kurangiza ibindi bikorwa;
2.Abakiriya bagena abahuzabikorwa b'ibigo;
3.Ubucuruzi bwibigo ntibigengwa na sisitemu yo kubitsa muri banki (Icyitonderwa: sisitemu yo kubitsa muri banki yavanyweho na gasutamo guhera ku ya 1 Kanama 2017);
4.Ibikorwa byo korohereza ibicuruzwa bitangwa na gasutamo mu bihugu cyangwa uturere byemewe na AEO.
Ninde Ubushinwa bwageze kuri gahunda yo kumenyekana?
Ubu, gasutamo ya PRC imaze kugera ku ruhererekane rwo kumenyekanisha hamwe n’andi mashami ya gasutamo y’abanyamuryango ba WCO, arimo: Singapore, Koreya yepfo, Hong Kong, Macao, Tayiwani, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, Ubusuwisi, na Nouvelle-Zélande.
AEOs yemerwa na gasutamo y'Ubushinwa izishimira ubufasha butangwa hakurikijwe ubwumvikane buke, nk'igipimo gito cyo kugenzura no gushyira imbere uburyo bwo gutumiza gasutamo ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga.
Mugihe gasutamo y'Ubushinwa isoza gahunda z’ubwumvikane n’abandi banyamuryango ba gasutamo ya WCO, AEOs izwi bizorohereza byimazeyo gasutamo mu bihugu byinshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-15-2022